Plato and Aristotle developed a set of reflections that help to better understand human nature and the ways in which its soul would be articulated. Through some introductory lessons and the analysis of selected passages, the seminar aims to explore timeless anthropological themes starting from the contributions of these great thinkers of the ancient world. The analysis of the chosen texts not only helps to better understand the philosophical proposals of the past but also encourages reflection on the anthropological issues of our time, issues on which Plato and Aristotle can offer valuable and relevant contributions.